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书籍名称：Introduction to Time Series Using Stata
出版社：Stata Press
作者： Sean Becketti
出版时间：2013-04-08
语种： 英文
页数： 443
印刷日期:2013-04-08
开本: 胶版纸
纸张：443 I S B N： 978-1-59718-132-7
装订: 平装
Introduction to Time Series Using Stata, by Sean Becketti, provides a practical guide to working with time-series data using Stata and will appeal to a broad range of users. The many examples, concise explanations that focus on intuition, and useful tips based on the author’s decades of experience using time-series methods make the book insightful not just for academic users but also for practitioners in industry and government. The book is appropriate both for new Stata users and for experienced users who are new to time-series analysis. Chapter 1 provides a mild yet fast-paced introduction to Stata, highlighting all the features a user needs to know to get started using Stata for time-series analysis. Chapter 2 is a quick refresher on regression and hypothesis testing, and it defines key concepts such as white noise, autocorrelation, and lag operators. Chapter 3 begins the discussion of time series, using moving-average and Holt–Winters techniques to smooth and forecast the data. Becketti also introduces the concepts of trends, cyclicality, and seasonality and shows how they can be extracted from a series. Chapter 4 focuses on using these methods for forecasting and illustrates how the assumptions regarding trends and cycles underlying the various moving-average and Holt–Winters techniques affect the forecasts produced. Although these techniques are sometimes neglected in other time-series books, they are easy to implement, can be applied to many series quickly, often produce forecasts just as good as more complicated techniques, and as Becketti emphasizes, have the distinct advantage of being easily explained to colleagues and policy makers without backgrounds in statistics. Chapters 5 through 8 encompass single-equation time-series models. Chapter 5 focuses on regression analysis in the presence of autocorrelated disturbances and details various approaches that can be used when all the regressors are strictly exogenous but the errors are autocorrelated, when the set of regressors includes a lagged dependent variable and independent errors, and when the set of regressors includes a lagged dependent variable and autocorrelated errors. Chapter 6 describes the ARIMA model and Box–Jenkins methodology, and chapter 7 applies those techniques to develop an ARIMA-based model of U.S. GDP. Chapter 7 in particular will appeal to practitioners because it goes step by step through a real-world example: here is my series, now how do I fit an ARIMA model to it? Chapter 8 is a self-contained summary of ARCH/GARCH modeling. In the final portion of the book, Becketti discusses multiple-equation models, particularly VARs and VECs. Chapter 9 focuses on VAR models and illustrates all key concepts, including model specification, Granger causality, impulse-response analyses, and forecasting, using a simple model of the U.S. economy; structural VAR models are illustrated by imposing a Taylor rule on interest rates. Chapter 10 presents nonstationary time-series analysis. After describing nonstationarity and unit-root tests, Becketti masterfully navigates the reader through the often-confusing task of specifying a VEC model, using an example based on construction wages in Washington, DC, and surrounding states. Chapter 11 concludes. Sean Becketti is a financial industry veteran with three decades of experience in academics, government, and private industry. He was a developer of Stata in its infancy, and he was Editor of the Stata Technical Bulletin, the precursor to the Stata Journal, between 1993 and 1996. He has been a regular Stata user since its inception, and he wrote many of the first time-series commands in Stata. Introduction to Time Series Using Stata, by Sean Becketti, is a first-rate, example-based guide to time-series analysis and forecasting using Stata. It can serve as both a reference for practitioners and a supplemental textbook for students in applied statistics courses.
List of tables List of figures Preface Acknowledgments 1 Just enough Stata 1.1 Getting started 1.1.1 Action first, explanation later 1.1.2 Now some explanation 1.1.3 Navigating the interface 1.1.4 The gestalt of Stata 1.1.5 The parts of Stata speech 1.2 All about data 1.3 Looking at data 1.4 Statistics 1.4.1 Basics 1.4.2 Estimation 1.5 Odds and ends 1.6 Making a date 1.6.1 How to look good 1.6.2 Transformers 1.7 Typing dates and date variables 1.8 Looking ahead 2 Just enough statistics 2.1 Random variables and their moments 2.2 Hypothesis tests 2.3 Linear regression 2.3.1 Ordinary least squares 2.3.2 Instrumental variables 2.3.3 FGLS 2.4 Multiple-equation models 2.5 Time series 2.5.1 White noise, autocorrelation, and stationarity 2.5.2 ARMA models 3 Filtering time-series data 3.1 Preparing to analyze a time series 3.1.1 Questions for all types of data How are the variables defined? What is the relationship between the data and the phenomenon of interest? Who compiled the data? What processes generated the data? 3.1.2 Questions specifically for time-series data What is the frequency of measurement? Are the data seasonally adjusted? Are the data revised? 3.2 The four components of a time series Trend Cycle Seasonal 3.3 Some simple filters 3.3.1 Smoothing a trend 3.3.2 Smoothing a cycle 3.3.3 Smoothing a seasonal pattern 3.3.4 Smoothing real data 3.4 Additional filters 3.4.1 ma: Weighted moving averages 3.4.2 EWMAs exponential: EWMAs dexponential: Double-exponential moving averages 3.4.3 Holt–Winters smoothers hwinters: Holt–Winters smoothers without a seasonal component shwinters: Holt–Winters smoothers including a seasonal component 3.5 Points to remember 4 A first pass at forecasting 4.1 Forecast fundamentals 4.1.1 Types of forecasts 4.1.2 Measuring the quality of a forecast 4.1.3 Elements of a forecast 4.2 Filters that forecast 4.2.1 Forecasts based on EWMAs 4.2.2 Forecasting a trending series with a seasonal component 4.3 Points to remember 4.4 Looking ahead 5 Autocorrelated disturbances 5.1 Autocorrelation 5.1.1 Example: Mortgage rates 5.2 Regression models with autocorrelated disturbances 5.2.1 First-order autocorrelation 5.2.2 Example: Mortgage rates (cont.) 5.3 Testing for autocorrelation 5.3.1 Other tests 5.4 Estimation with first-order autocorrelated data 5.4.1 Model 1: Strictly exogenous regressors and autocorrelated disturbances The OLS strategy The transformation strategy The FGLS strategy Comparison of estimates of model 5.4.2 Model 2: A lagged dependent variable and i.i.d. errors 5.4.3 Model 3: A lagged dependent variable with AR(1) errors The transformation strategy The IV strategy 5.5 Estimating the mortgage rate equation 5.6 Points to remember 6 Univariate time-series models 6.1 The general linear process 6.2 Lag polynomials: Notation or prestidigitation? 6.3 The ARMA model 6.4 Stationarity and invertibility 6.5 What can ARMA models do? 6.6 Points to remember 6.7 Looking ahead 7 Modeling a real-world time series 7.1 Getting ready to model a time series 7.2 The Box–Jenkins approach 7.3 Specifying an ARMA model 7.3.1 Step 1: Induce stationarity (ARMA becomes ARIMA) 7.3.2 Step 2: Mind your p’s and q’s 7.4 Estimation 7.5 Looking for trouble: Model diagnostic checking 7.5.1 Overfitting 7.5.2 Tests of the residuals 7.6 Forecasting with ARIMA models 7.7 Comparing forecasts 7.8 Points to remember 7.9 What have we learned so far? 7.10 Looking ahead 8 Time-varying volatility 8.1 Examples of time-varying volatility 8.2 ARCH: A model of time-varying volatility 8.3 Extensions to the ARCH model 8.3.1 GARCH: Limiting the order of the model 8.3.2 Other extensions Asymmetric responses to “news” Variations in volatility affect the mean of the observable series Nonnormal errors Odds and ends 8.4 Points to remember 9 Models of multiple time series 9.1 Vector autoregressions 9.1.1 Three types of VARs 9.2 A VAR of the U.S. macroeconomy 9.2.1 Using Stata to estimate a reduced-form VAR 9.2.2 Testing a VAR for stationarity Other tests 9.2.3 Forecasting Evaluating a VAR forecast 9.3 Who’s on first? 9.3.1 Cross correlations 9.3.2 Summarizing temporal relationships in a VAR Granger causality How to impose order FEVDs Using Stata to calculate IRFs and FEVDs 9.4 SVARs 9.4.1 Examples of a short-run SVAR 9.4.2 Examples of a long-run SVAR 9.5 Points to remember 9.6 Looking ahead 10 Models of nonstationary time series 10.1 Trends and unit roots 10.2 Testing for unit roots 10.3 Cointegration: Looking for a long-term relationship 10.4 Cointegrating relationships and VECMs 10.4.1 Deterministic components in the VECM 10.5 From intuition to VECM: An example Step 1: Confirm the unit root Step 2: Identify the number of lags Step 3: Identify the number of cointegrating relationships Step 4: Fit a VECM Step 5: Test for stability and white-noise residuals Step 6: Review the model implications for reasonableness 10.6 Points to remember 10.7 Looking ahead 11 Closing observations 11.1 Making sense of it all 11.2 What did we miss? 11.2.1 Advanced time-series topics 11.2.2 Additional Stata time-series features Data management tools and utilities Univariate models Multivariate models 11.3 Farewell References Author index Subject index